What is the process called when cells reproduce?

The process by which cells reproduce is known as mitosis. Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. During mitosis, the cell goes through several phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. This process is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues in the body, ensuring that genetic information is accurately copied and distributed.

In contrast, diffusion refers to the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, which is a physical process rather than a form of cell reproduction. Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that occurs as part of the normal development and maintenance of healthy tissues; it does not contribute to cell reproduction. Osmosis specifically involves the movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane, also unrelated to how cells reproduce. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify the vital role that mitosis plays in cellular biology.