What is the primary function of sebaceous glands in the skin?

The primary function of sebaceous glands in the skin is to produce oil, also known as sebum. Sebum plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and integrity of the skin. It helps to keep the skin moisturized, providing a protective barrier against environmental damage and preventing excessive moisture loss. This oil also has antibacterial properties, which can help to prevent infections in the skin.

Sebaceous glands are typically associated with hair follicles and are found throughout most areas of the body, except for the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. The production of oil by these glands is influenced by factors such as hormonal levels, age, and skin condition, which can impact how oily or dry the skin appears.

Other options listed pertain to different functions within the skin. For instance, sweat glands are responsible for secreting sweat as a means of thermoregulation and to help cool the body. Keratin production is a function of keratinocytes, which contribute to the structural integrity of the skin and hair, while maintaining pH balance is a broader function involving various skin responses and not specific to sebaceous glands alone. Understanding these distinctions is essential in recognizing the unique role of sebaceous glands in skin health.