What condition is characterized by a severe deficiency of Vitamin C?

Scurvy is a condition that arises from a severe deficiency of Vitamin C, which is essential for the synthesis of collagen, a vital protein necessary for the health and structural integrity of skin, blood vessels, and connective tissues. The lack of Vitamin C leads to symptoms such as fatigue, gum disease, joint pain, and poor wound healing. This condition was historically common among sailors and individuals with limited access to fresh fruits and vegetables, which are primary sources of Vitamin C.

The other conditions mentioned are associated with deficiencies of different vitamins. Pellagra results from a deficiency of niacin (Vitamin B3) and is characterized by the three D's: dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. Beriberi is linked to a deficiency of thiamine (Vitamin B1), affecting the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Rickets is a condition that occurs due to a deficiency of Vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate, leading to weakened bones in children. Each of these conditions highlights the importance of adequate nutrition and the specific role vitamins play in maintaining health.