What cell structures are known to resemble prickly spines?

Desmosomes are specialized structures in cell membranes that serve to adhere cells together, particularly in tissues that experience significant mechanical stress, such as skin and heart tissues. They are often described as resembling prickly spines or buttons due to their unique protein composition. These structures consist of intermediate filaments that anchor to the cytoplasm and cadherin proteins that extend out and connect to neighboring cells, creating a strong adhesion that enhances tissue integrity and resilience.

This design is particularly important in maintaining the structural stability of tissues, allowing them to withstand stretching and shear forces without tearing apart. The unique morphology of desmosomes, with their intercellular connections resembling spines, reflects their role in imparting mechanical strength across the cellular layers.