Exfoliation primarily concerns which layer of the skin?

Exfoliation primarily targets the stratum corneum, which is the outermost layer of the epidermis. This layer is made up of dead skin cells that have become keratinized—meaning they have hardened to form a protective barrier for the underlying layers of skin. The process of exfoliation removes these dead cells, helping to reveal the fresher, healthier skin underneath. This not only aids in enhancing the skin's overall texture and appearance but also promotes cell turnover, allowing new skin cells to rise to the surface more effectively.

The other layers mentioned are not the main focus of exfoliation. The dermis, located beneath the epidermis, contains connective tissue and supports skin structure, while the stratum lucidum serves as an additional layer in thick skin areas and the stratum basale is the deepest layer where active skin cell division occurs. Neither of these layers is directly affected by the exfoliation process, which is specifically aimed at the stratum corneum to improve skin health and aesthetics.